questions regarding MDL

Literacy rates in India: Adults 61.3% Children 73,3%
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_in_India

The googler is your friend.

On Sun, Mar 9, 2008 at 8:45 PM, Prokash Sinha wrote:

> Jake,
>
> You really got me lost here! You probably have reason to belive that way,
> and perhaps you studied more on this sphare than what I know and what I’ve
> seen so far …
>
> I would go something along this line though …
>
> First what is the literacy rate in India ( and if we want to have a
> statewide breakdown then for each state ). Here I mean to say those who
> can
> read ( and perhaps write ) in their own language(s), and this is not
> english…
>
> Then I would go about ‘out of all those literate people’ how many have
> english as first language ( what I mean by this that how many of them
> regulary speak/read/write in english as their main means of communication
> ).
> And finally I would go about ‘how many of those native english speaker(s)
> go
> on to technical areas as engineering and science’…
>
> If you factor all of these, you would be surprised how little would be the
> percentage figure …
>
> I would be surprised if the overall literacy rate is more than 10 %. So in
> a
> roughly 1,200,000,000 population we get about 120,000,000. Out of these,
> not
> even 1% have their ( great grand parents, grand parents, parents are
> native
> english speaker :-), so I would knock off another two digits, that gets us
> to 1,200,000. Most of these people are from Missionary or other schools
> where medium of instruction/communications etc. are indeed in english…
>
> How many of those go for computer science? Very small percentage, since
> these people are very high in demand to go for Business schools, public
> relations ( administrative / foreign / and other services ), media and
> entertainment related jobs where compensation and perhaps the life style
> believed to be better …
>
> So I would be surprised, if someone from those background ( who could say
> that english is their first language ) and the dialects permits to
> interchange ‘doubt’ with ‘question’…
>
> -pro
>
> And finally guess how many are in Windows driver/kernel programming???
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: “Jake Oshins”
> Newsgroups: ntdev
> To: “Windows System Software Devs Interest List”
> Sent: Sunday, March 09, 2008 5:00 PM
> Subject: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
>
>
> >>> No native speaker of U.S. English would express a question with the
> word
> >>> ‘doubt’
> >>> being used to replace the question sentence format.
> >>
> >
> > I disagree with this on the grounds that it assumes that Indians are
> never
> > native English speakers. There are a whole lot of Indians who are, and
> an
> > entire dialect has arisen that is native to India. It’s no less a
> native
> > dialect than the various American English dialects are, and it may have
> as
> > many native speakers as those American dialects do (given that there are
> > more than a billion* Indians.) In that dialect, spoken between native
> > speakers, “question” and “doubt” are often synonyms.
> >
> > - Jake
> >
> > * Note that I’m using “billion” in the sense that my American English
> > dialect deems correct. The proper usage in England would be (to my
> > understanding) “a thousand million.” In England, a “billion” is what we
> > in America would think of a “million million.”
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > —
> > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> >
> > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> >
> > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
>
> —
> NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
>
> For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> http://www.osr.com/seminars
>
> To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>


Mark Roddy

“James” wrote:

I never said I am not an Indian in any of my posts. I even registered
with country as India. But, the above link mentioned by Chris tells
that the person is James Smith. But, I am James Thompson.

Nope, don’t buy it. Let’s look at the similarities between you and “James Smith”

  1. The “From” name on both posts is just “James”

  2. You both admit you are from India and use American-sounding names, but only after you get found out

  3. You both sign your posts *exactly* “Regards,James”

    4) You both ask noob questions

    Sorry, I have too many years of experience kicking people off my BBS who were using fake names back in the day to be fooled by the likes of this nonsense.

I knew this is gong to come back… :slight_smile:

First, I’m looking at 25 years back ( these are the people now hitting the Keyboard hard when they are on KD :-).

I took the current estimated population ( I should have taken the population of 80’s).

Finally I need to be careful about the way the statistics are produced here. I’m simply tired of debugging anything :slight_smile:

And if you look at web for the ‘doubt’ and ‘question’, you will find that people in the high tech uses this a lot. There is a guide for outsourcing ( whatever ) that spells out a paragraph…

But the main point is — “It is simply wrong to interchange those words…” And I am sure I would be in a very very long and boring discussion with any native english speaker from India who vouches the validity of this interchange …"

-pro

----- Original Message -----
From: Mark Roddy
To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 5:08 AM
Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL

Literacy rates in India: Adults 61.3% Children 73,3%
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_in_India

The googler is your friend.

On Sun, Mar 9, 2008 at 8:45 PM, Prokash Sinha wrote:

Jake,

You really got me lost here! You probably have reason to belive that way,
and perhaps you studied more on this sphare than what I know and what I’ve
seen so far …

I would go something along this line though …

First what is the literacy rate in India ( and if we want to have a
statewide breakdown then for each state ). Here I mean to say those who can
read ( and perhaps write ) in their own language(s), and this is not
english…

Then I would go about ‘out of all those literate people’ how many have
english as first language ( what I mean by this that how many of them
regulary speak/read/write in english as their main means of communication ).
And finally I would go about ‘how many of those native english speaker(s) go
on to technical areas as engineering and science’…

If you factor all of these, you would be surprised how little would be the
percentage figure …

I would be surprised if the overall literacy rate is more than 10 %. So in a
roughly 1,200,000,000 population we get about 120,000,000. Out of these, not
even 1% have their ( great grand parents, grand parents, parents are native
english speaker :-), so I would knock off another two digits, that gets us
to 1,200,000. Most of these people are from Missionary or other schools
where medium of instruction/communications etc. are indeed in english…

How many of those go for computer science? Very small percentage, since
these people are very high in demand to go for Business schools, public
relations ( administrative / foreign / and other services ), media and
entertainment related jobs where compensation and perhaps the life style
believed to be better …

So I would be surprised, if someone from those background ( who could say
that english is their first language ) and the dialects permits to
interchange ‘doubt’ with ‘question’…

-pro

And finally guess how many are in Windows driver/kernel programming???

----- Original Message -----
From: “Jake Oshins”
Newsgroups: ntdev
To: “Windows System Software Devs Interest List”

Sent: Sunday, March 09, 2008 5:00 PM
Subject: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL

>>> No native speaker of U.S. English would express a question with the word
>>> ‘doubt’
>>> being used to replace the question sentence format.
>>
>
> I disagree with this on the grounds that it assumes that Indians are never
> native English speakers. There are a whole lot of Indians who are, and an
> entire dialect has arisen that is native to India. It’s no less a native
> dialect than the various American English dialects are, and it may have as
> many native speakers as those American dialects do (given that there are
> more than a billion* Indians.) In that dialect, spoken between native
> speakers, “question” and “doubt” are often synonyms.
>
> - Jake
>
> * Note that I’m using “billion” in the sense that my American English
> dialect deems correct. The proper usage in England would be (to my
> understanding) “a thousand million.” In England, a “billion” is what we
> in America would think of a “million million.”
>
>
>
>
> —
> NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
>
> For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> http://www.osr.com/seminars
>
> To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer


NTDEV is sponsored by OSR

For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
http://www.osr.com/seminars

To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer


Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer

xxxxx@gmail.com wrote:

Sorry, I have too many years of experience kicking people off my BBS who were using fake names back in the day to be fooled by the likes of this nonsense.

I would agree people shouldn’t try to deceive, furthermore all
businesses that engage in this nonsense need to understand a backlash
will result.

Regards to this guy, the headers in the link you posted don’t match the
headers I see in my inbox.

From the link you provided, I see:

Path: g2news1.google.com!postnews.google.com!o61g2000hsh.googlegroups.com!not-for-mail
From: James
Newsgroups: microsoft.public.development.device.drivers
Subject: KeWaitForXXX BugCheck in Verifier
Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:49:26 -0700
Organization: http://groups.google.com
Lines: 70
Message-ID: <1182858566.706826.16320@o61g2000hsh.googlegroups.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: 220.227.243.36
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=“iso-8859-1”
X-Trace: posting.google.com 1182858566 737 127.0.0.1 (26 Jun 2007 11:49:26 GMT)
X-Complaints-To: xxxxx@google.com
NNTP-Posting-Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2007 11:49:26 +0000 (UTC)
User-Agent: G2/1.0
X-HTTP-UserAgent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.1; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30),gzip(gfe),gzip(gfe)
X-HTTP-Via: 1.1 ESNISASRV
Complaints-To: xxxxx@google.com
Injection-Info: o61g2000hsh.googlegroups.com; posting-host=220.227.243.36;
posting-account=460bFw0AAACUTOOWVt0mNbEbcKYT7npT

I don’t see any similarities other than the name “James” and “Google”. A common name and a universal name.

Regardless, I would hope MR. “Thompson” would consider using his real name.

Matt

I would not contribute to this thread any more ( sorry for one mistake here )…

I meant to say that I’m very doubtful about the statistics you saw on the web. The current figures could be true, but I would be very careful before I take it on face value… What was the statistical procedure, how it was sampled etc., etc. I still have few friends from indian statistical institute, so it would not be hard for me to kick their rear end to find the validity ( and the detail of these …).

On reflection —

I’ve lately noticed that there are lots of elementary(primary)/middle(high) schools with english as the medium of instruction/communications etc. … But when I ask (again sampling) them to speak, read, or write something I see the difficulties they face… I understand that speaking could be little difficult for them since the env. around them is not necessarily English. But reading and writing should be far better ( specially when they start from the begining of their schooling )…

Conclusion???

Everyone needs to make a living !

-pro

----- Original Message -----
From: Prokash Sinha
To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 7:37 AM
Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL

I knew this is gong to come back… :slight_smile:

First, I’m looking at 25 years back ( these are the people now hitting the Keyboard hard when they are on KD :-).

I took the current estimated population ( I should have taken the population of 80’s).

Finally I need to be careful about the way the statistics are produced here. I’m simply tired of debugging anything :slight_smile:

And if you look at web for the ‘doubt’ and ‘question’, you will find that people in the high tech uses this a lot. There is a guide for outsourcing ( whatever ) that spells out a paragraph…

But the main point is — “It is simply wrong to interchange those words…” And I am sure I would be in a very very long and boring discussion with any native english speaker from India who vouches the validity of this interchange …"

-pro

----- Original Message -----
From: Mark Roddy
To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 5:08 AM
Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL

Literacy rates in India: Adults 61.3% Children 73,3%
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_in_India

The googler is your friend.

On Sun, Mar 9, 2008 at 8:45 PM, Prokash Sinha wrote:

Jake,

You really got me lost here! You probably have reason to belive that way,
and perhaps you studied more on this sphare than what I know and what I’ve
seen so far …

I would go something along this line though …

First what is the literacy rate in India ( and if we want to have a
statewide breakdown then for each state ). Here I mean to say those who can
read ( and perhaps write ) in their own language(s), and this is not
english…

Then I would go about ‘out of all those literate people’ how many have
english as first language ( what I mean by this that how many of them
regulary speak/read/write in english as their main means of communication ).
And finally I would go about ‘how many of those native english speaker(s) go
on to technical areas as engineering and science’…

If you factor all of these, you would be surprised how little would be the
percentage figure …

I would be surprised if the overall literacy rate is more than 10 %. So in a
roughly 1,200,000,000 population we get about 120,000,000. Out of these, not
even 1% have their ( great grand parents, grand parents, parents are native
english speaker :-), so I would knock off another two digits, that gets us
to 1,200,000. Most of these people are from Missionary or other schools
where medium of instruction/communications etc. are indeed in english…

How many of those go for computer science? Very small percentage, since
these people are very high in demand to go for Business schools, public
relations ( administrative / foreign / and other services ), media and
entertainment related jobs where compensation and perhaps the life style
believed to be better …

So I would be surprised, if someone from those background ( who could say
that english is their first language ) and the dialects permits to
interchange ‘doubt’ with ‘question’…

-pro

And finally guess how many are in Windows driver/kernel programming???

----- Original Message -----
From: “Jake Oshins”
Newsgroups: ntdev
To: “Windows System Software Devs Interest List”

Sent: Sunday, March 09, 2008 5:00 PM
Subject: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL

>>> No native speaker of U.S. English would express a question with the word
>>> ‘doubt’
>>> being used to replace the question sentence format.
>>
>
> I disagree with this on the grounds that it assumes that Indians are never
> native English speakers. There are a whole lot of Indians who are, and an
> entire dialect has arisen that is native to India. It’s no less a native
> dialect than the various American English dialects are, and it may have as
> many native speakers as those American dialects do (given that there are
> more than a billion* Indians.) In that dialect, spoken between native
> speakers, “question” and “doubt” are often synonyms.
>
> - Jake
>
> * Note that I’m using “billion” in the sense that my American English
> dialect deems correct. The proper usage in England would be (to my
> understanding) “a thousand million.” In England, a “billion” is what we
> in America would think of a “million million.”
>
>
>
>
> —
> NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
>
> For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> http://www.osr.com/seminars
>
> To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer


NTDEV is sponsored by OSR

For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
http://www.osr.com/seminars

To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer


Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer


NTDEV is sponsored by OSR

For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
http://www.osr.com/seminars

To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer

Matt wrote:

Regards to this guy, the headers in the link you posted don’t match
the headers I see in my inbox.

I believe Gmail, unlike most other free email services, doesn’t supply the sender’s IP address. So you’re not going to find a match that way. The IP’s in “James Thompson”'s message were all from MessageLabs, Google, or OSR that I could see.

You’re also not going to match on user agent, etc. since one was a newsgroup post, one was an email.

I only brought it up because your initial claim of literacy rates seemed so
drasticaly low given my perception of Indian society history and
civilization. So I googled it and it was clear that you were just engaged in
PFA statistics.

Your estimates of adult literacy were way off from the numbers I cited. In
addition the numbers I cited were for both adult and child literacy,
negating your first response defending your numbers.

The wiki page cites it’s references for its literacy rates: *Economic Survey
2004-05*, Economic Division, Ministry of Finance, Government of India,
quoting UNDP Human Development Report 2004. When doubting (that word again)
somebody else’s referenced data, it is more or less required as a matter of
good form to provide an alternative published source rather than just claim
that ‘you have friends in the business’. If you have better information
please post it.

On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 11:12 AM, Prokash Sinha wrote:

> I would not contribute to this thread any more ( sorry for one mistake
> here )…
>
> I meant to say that I’m very doubtful about the statistics you saw on the
> web. The current figures could be true, but I would be very careful before I
> take it on face value… What was the statistical procedure, how it was
> sampled etc., etc. I still have few friends from indian statistical
> institute, so it would not be hard for me to kick their rear end to find the
> validity ( and the detail of these …).
>
> On reflection —
>
> I’ve lately noticed that there are lots of
> elementary(primary)/middle(high) schools with english as the medium of
> instruction/communications etc. … But when I ask (again sampling) them to
> speak, read, or write something I see the difficulties they face… I
> understand that speaking could be little difficult for them since the env.
> around them is not necessarily English. But reading and writing should be
> far better ( specially when they start from the begining of their schooling
> )…
>
> Conclusion???
>
> Everyone needs to make a living !
>
> -pro
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Prokash Sinha
> To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
> Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 7:37 AM
> Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
>
> I knew this is gong to come back… :slight_smile:
>
> First, I’m looking at 25 years back ( these are the people now hitting
> the Keyboard hard when they are on KD :-).
>
> I took the current estimated population ( I should have taken the
> population of 80’s).
>
> Finally I need to be careful about the way the statistics are produced
> here. I’m simply tired of debugging anything :slight_smile:
>
> And if you look at web for the ‘doubt’ and ‘question’, you will find that
> people in the high tech uses this a lot. There is a guide for outsourcing (
> whatever ) that spells out a paragraph…
>
> But the main point is — “It is simply wrong to interchange those
> words…” And I am sure I would be in a very very long and boring
> discussion with any native english speaker from India who vouches the
> validity of this interchange …"
>
>
> -pro
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Mark Roddy
> To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
> Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 5:08 AM
> Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
>
>
> Literacy rates in India: Adults 61.3% Children 73,3%
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_in_India
>
> The googler is your friend.
>
> On Sun, Mar 9, 2008 at 8:45 PM, Prokash Sinha wrote:
>
> > Jake,
> >
> > You really got me lost here! You probably have reason to belive that
> > way,
> > and perhaps you studied more on this sphare than what I know and what
> > I’ve
> > seen so far …
> >
> > I would go something along this line though …
> >
> > First what is the literacy rate in India ( and if we want to have a
> > statewide breakdown then for each state ). Here I mean to say those who
> > can
> > read ( and perhaps write ) in their own language(s), and this is not
> > english…
> >
> > Then I would go about ‘out of all those literate people’ how many have
> > english as first language ( what I mean by this that how many of them
> > regulary speak/read/write in english as their main means of
> > communication ).
> > And finally I would go about ‘how many of those native english
> > speaker(s) go
> > on to technical areas as engineering and science’…
> >
> > If you factor all of these, you would be surprised how little would be
> > the
> > percentage figure …
> >
> > I would be surprised if the overall literacy rate is more than 10 %. So
> > in a
> > roughly 1,200,000,000 population we get about 120,000,000. Out of these,
> > not
> > even 1% have their ( great grand parents, grand parents, parents are
> > native
> > english speaker :-), so I would knock off another two digits, that gets
> > us
> > to 1,200,000. Most of these people are from Missionary or other schools
> > where medium of instruction/communications etc. are indeed in english…
> >
> > How many of those go for computer science? Very small percentage, since
> > these people are very high in demand to go for Business schools, public
> > relations ( administrative / foreign / and other services ), media and
> > entertainment related jobs where compensation and perhaps the life style
> > believed to be better …
> >
> > So I would be surprised, if someone from those background ( who could
> > say
> > that english is their first language ) and the dialects permits to
> > interchange ‘doubt’ with ‘question’…
> >
> > -pro
> >
> > And finally guess how many are in Windows driver/kernel programming???
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: “Jake Oshins”
> > Newsgroups: ntdev
> > To: “Windows System Software Devs Interest List”
> > Sent: Sunday, March 09, 2008 5:00 PM
> > Subject: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
> >
> >
> > >>> No native speaker of U.S. English would express a question with the
> > word
> > >>> ‘doubt’
> > >>> being used to replace the question sentence format.
> > >>
> > >
> > > I disagree with this on the grounds that it assumes that Indians are
> > never
> > > native English speakers. There are a whole lot of Indians who are,
> > and an
> > > entire dialect has arisen that is native to India. It’s no less a
> > native
> > > dialect than the various American English dialects are, and it may
> > have as
> > > many native speakers as those American dialects do (given that there
> > are
> > > more than a billion* Indians.) In that dialect, spoken between native
> > > speakers, “question” and “doubt” are often synonyms.
> > >
> > > - Jake
> > >
> > > * Note that I’m using “billion” in the sense that my American English
> > > dialect deems correct. The proper usage in England would be (to my
> > > understanding) “a thousand million.” In England, a “billion” is what
> > we
> > > in America would think of a “million million.”
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > —
> > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > >
> > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > >
> > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> >
> >
> > —
> > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> >
> > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> >
> > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> >
>
>
>
> –
> Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM,
> debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To
> unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
>
> —
> NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
>
> For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> http://www.osr.com/seminars
>
> To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
>
> —
> NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
>
> For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> http://www.osr.com/seminars
>
> To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>


Mark Roddy

xxxxx@gmail.com wrote:*
*

  1. The “From” name on both posts is just “James”

Exactly, “James” is the only thing that matches, which is a common name
(which spans countries and continents).

  1. You both admit you are from India and use American-sounding names, but only after you get found out

**While I hate this practice and try to minimize business with those that do pull this crap,
I have found in the past that it’s not only Indian companies that do this. Let me go ahead and
call out Network Solutions, People Soft, and the Philippines. This was several years back, but
when they illegally transfered a domain I had rights to I ended up with “FRED” on the phone, which
admitted that wasn’t his name, he was in the Philippines, and didn’t even work for Network Problems.**

  1. You both sign your posts *exactly* “Regards,James”

    So what, 50% of people sign like that…

    4) You both ask noob questions

    Yeah, most people do or perhaps I’ve missed all of Max, Peter, and Doron’s questions lately.

    Hey look, your probably right and this discussion wouldn’t be happening
    if the OP wasn’t lying about his name. He and others
    defiantly need to cut this shit out. Furthermore, I don’t appreciate it
    when I call the satellite company and Joe can’t speak English.

    However, attributing postings to someone that didn’t make them isn’t
    nice… Last month I heard about postings I ‘supposedly’ made
    on some MS hosted list…

    Regards,
    Matt

    P.S. Note the classic form there.

    > Matt wrote:
    >
    >
    >> Regards to this guy, the headers in the link you posted don’t match
    >> the headers I see in my inbox.
    >>
    >
    > I believe Gmail, unlike most other free email services, doesn’t supply the sender’s IP address. So you’re not going to find a match that way. The IP’s in “James Thompson”'s message were all from MessageLabs, Google, or OSR that I could see.
    >
    > You’re also not going to match on user agent, etc. since one was a newsgroup post, one was an email.
    >
    > —
    > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
    >
    > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
    > http://www.osr.com/seminars
    >
    > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
    >
    >

xxxxx@hotmail.com wrote:

> Note that I’m using “billion” in the sense that my American English dialect deems correct.

> The proper usage in England would be (to my understanding) “a thousand million.”
> In England, a “billion” is what we in America would think of a “million million.”
>

In order to realize that you are wrong, all you have to do is to open any English newspaper, so that you will see a term “billion” referring to population, money and everything else that is known to exist in quantities well below “million million” …

Yes, the British have been beaten into submission by us overbearing
Americans. They have given up their traditional definition of
“billion”. The UK government officially adopted the 10**9 billion in
its statistics in 1975.


Tim Roberts, xxxxx@probo.com
Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.

I wish you were right … ( And even if you get to say 50% for an estimate,
then you will see that percentage of native English speaker would go down
… It is simply a bi(tri)-lingual country ).

Of course, I will try to get some solid informations on it …

But here are some doubts again …

  1. There is no uniform identification ( just like social security number )
    thru out India. Some states might have implemented very recently, but 2004-5
    seems to be bit early for most of the states. I still think most states
    don’t have it, so how do I avoid under/over count?

  2. In some state Ration Cards ( it is an identification for getting
    essential foods etc., at a subsidized rate), and some people don’t have it,
    and some other have more than one…

  3. Not all the population survey are based on Computers, and surveyer often
    don’t show up to remote places ( I had the joy of talking to those people in
    fairly remote villages ). But what I heard is that these days, any one born
    in a hospital are recorded.

  4. Migratory population from neighboring countries even make the whole plan
    out the window…

  5. Lot of schools in village don’t have the necessary docs to count who came
    to school and who did not. And often there is an incentive to parents whose
    kids go to school ( and what I heard, it is also being exploited in some
    places …)

Perhaps things are changing very rapidly in some states, but overall it is
still bit slow to adapt…

-pro

On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 9:37 AM, Mark Roddy wrote:

> I only brought it up because your initial claim of literacy rates seemed
> so drasticaly low given my perception of Indian society history and
> civilization. So I googled it and it was clear that you were just engaged in
> PFA statistics.
>
> Your estimates of adult literacy were way off from the numbers I cited. In
> addition the numbers I cited were for both adult and child literacy,
> negating your first response defending your numbers.
>
> The wiki page cites it’s references for its literacy rates: Economic
> Survey 2004-05
, Economic Division, Ministry of Finance, Government of
> India, quoting UNDP Human Development Report 2004. When doubting (that word
> again) somebody else’s referenced data, it is more or less required as a
> matter of good form to provide an alternative published source rather than
> just claim that ‘you have friends in the business’. If you have better
> information please post it.
>
>
> On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 11:12 AM, Prokash Sinha
> wrote:
>
> > I would not contribute to this thread any more ( sorry for one mistake
> > here )…
> >
> > I meant to say that I’m very doubtful about the statistics you saw on
> > the web. The current figures could be true, but I would be very careful
> > before I take it on face value… What was the statistical procedure, how it
> > was sampled etc., etc. I still have few friends from indian statistical
> > institute, so it would not be hard for me to kick their rear end to find the
> > validity ( and the detail of these …).
> >
> > On reflection —
> >
> > I’ve lately noticed that there are lots of
> > elementary(primary)/middle(high) schools with english as the medium of
> > instruction/communications etc. … But when I ask (again sampling) them to
> > speak, read, or write something I see the difficulties they face… I
> > understand that speaking could be little difficult for them since the env.
> > around them is not necessarily English. But reading and writing should be
> > far better ( specially when they start from the begining of their schooling
> > )…
> >
> > Conclusion???
> >
> > Everyone needs to make a living !
> >
> > -pro
> >
> >
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: Prokash Sinha
> > To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
> > Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 7:37 AM
> > Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
> >
> > I knew this is gong to come back… :slight_smile:
> >
> > First, I’m looking at 25 years back ( these are the people now hitting
> > the Keyboard hard when they are on KD :-).
> >
> > I took the current estimated population ( I should have taken the
> > population of 80’s).
> >
> > Finally I need to be careful about the way the statistics are produced
> > here. I’m simply tired of debugging anything :slight_smile:
> >
> > And if you look at web for the ‘doubt’ and ‘question’, you will find
> > that people in the high tech uses this a lot. There is a guide for
> > outsourcing ( whatever ) that spells out a paragraph…
> >
> > But the main point is — “It is simply wrong to interchange those
> > words…” And I am sure I would be in a very very long and boring
> > discussion with any native english speaker from India who vouches the
> > validity of this interchange …"
> >
> >
> > -pro
> >
> >
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: Mark Roddy
> > To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
> > Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 5:08 AM
> > Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
> >
> >
> > Literacy rates in India: Adults 61.3% Children 73,3%
> > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_in_India
> >
> > The googler is your friend.
> >
> > On Sun, Mar 9, 2008 at 8:45 PM, Prokash Sinha
> > wrote:
> >
> > > Jake,
> > >
> > > You really got me lost here! You probably have reason to belive that
> > > way,
> > > and perhaps you studied more on this sphare than what I know and what
> > > I’ve
> > > seen so far …
> > >
> > > I would go something along this line though …
> > >
> > > First what is the literacy rate in India ( and if we want to have a
> > > statewide breakdown then for each state ). Here I mean to say those
> > > who can
> > > read ( and perhaps write ) in their own language(s), and this is not
> > > english…
> > >
> > > Then I would go about ‘out of all those literate people’ how many
> > > have
> > > english as first language ( what I mean by this that how many of them
> > > regulary speak/read/write in english as their main means of
> > > communication ).
> > > And finally I would go about ‘how many of those native english
> > > speaker(s) go
> > > on to technical areas as engineering and science’…
> > >
> > > If you factor all of these, you would be surprised how little would be
> > > the
> > > percentage figure …
> > >
> > > I would be surprised if the overall literacy rate is more than 10 %.
> > > So in a
> > > roughly 1,200,000,000 population we get about 120,000,000. Out of
> > > these, not
> > > even 1% have their ( great grand parents, grand parents, parents are
> > > native
> > > english speaker :-), so I would knock off another two digits, that
> > > gets us
> > > to 1,200,000. Most of these people are from Missionary or other
> > > schools
> > > where medium of instruction/communications etc. are indeed in
> > > english…
> > >
> > > How many of those go for computer science? Very small percentage,
> > > since
> > > these people are very high in demand to go for Business schools,
> > > public
> > > relations ( administrative / foreign / and other services ), media and
> > > entertainment related jobs where compensation and perhaps the life
> > > style
> > > believed to be better …
> > >
> > > So I would be surprised, if someone from those background ( who could
> > > say
> > > that english is their first language ) and the dialects permits to
> > > interchange ‘doubt’ with ‘question’…
> > >
> > > -pro
> > >
> > > And finally guess how many are in Windows driver/kernel programming???
> > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > From: “Jake Oshins”
> > > Newsgroups: ntdev
> > > To: “Windows System Software Devs Interest List”
> > > Sent: Sunday, March 09, 2008 5:00 PM
> > > Subject: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
> > >
> > >
> > > >>> No native speaker of U.S. English would express a question with
> > > the word
> > > >>> ‘doubt’
> > > >>> being used to replace the question sentence format.
> > > >>
> > > >
> > > > I disagree with this on the grounds that it assumes that Indians are
> > > never
> > > > native English speakers. There are a whole lot of Indians who are,
> > > and an
> > > > entire dialect has arisen that is native to India. It’s no less a
> > > native
> > > > dialect than the various American English dialects are, and it may
> > > have as
> > > > many native speakers as those American dialects do (given that there
> > > are
> > > > more than a billion* Indians.) In that dialect, spoken between
> > > native
> > > > speakers, “question” and “doubt” are often synonyms.
> > > >
> > > > - Jake
> > > >
> > > > * Note that I’m using “billion” in the sense that my American
> > > English
> > > > dialect deems correct. The proper usage in England would be (to my
> > > > understanding) “a thousand million.” In England, a “billion” is
> > > what we
> > > > in America would think of a “million million.”
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > —
> > > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > > >
> > > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > > >
> > > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > >
> > >
> > > —
> > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > >
> > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > >
> > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> > –
> > Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM,
> > debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To
> > unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> >
> >
> > —
> > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> >
> > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> >
> > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> >
> >
> > —
> > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> >
> > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> >
> > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> >
>
>
>
> –
> Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM,
> debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To
> unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>

You seem unaware that your initial guesstimates for literacy rates would
have embarrassed the lower end of third world countries. Would you like
another shovel, or are you satisfied with the rate you are digging this hole
you are in?

On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 3:13 PM, Prokash Sinha wrote:

> I wish you were right … ( And even if you get to say 50% for an
> estimate, then you will see that percentage of native English speaker would
> go down … It is simply a bi(tri)-lingual country ).
>
> Of course, I will try to get some solid informations on it …
>
> But here are some doubts again …
>
> 1) There is no uniform identification ( just like social security number )
> thru out India. Some states might have implemented very recently, but 2004-5
> seems to be bit early for most of the states. I still think most states
> don’t have it, so how do I avoid under/over count?
>
> 2) In some state Ration Cards ( it is an identification for getting
> essential foods etc., at a subsidized rate), and some people don’t have it,
> and some other have more than one…
>
> 3) Not all the population survey are based on Computers, and surveyer
> often don’t show up to remote places ( I had the joy of talking to those
> people in fairly remote villages ). But what I heard is that these days, any
> one born in a hospital are recorded.
>
> 4) Migratory population from neighboring countries even make the whole
> plan out the window…
>
> 5) Lot of schools in village don’t have the necessary docs to count who
> came to school and who did not. And often there is an incentive to parents
> whose kids go to school ( and what I heard, it is also being exploited in
> some places …)
>
> Perhaps things are changing very rapidly in some states, but overall it is
> still bit slow to adapt…
>
> -pro
>
>
>
> On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 9:37 AM, Mark Roddy
> wrote:
>
> > I only brought it up because your initial claim of literacy rates
> > seemed so drasticaly low given my perception of Indian society history and
> > civilization. So I googled it and it was clear that you were just engaged in
> > PFA statistics.
> >
> > Your estimates of adult literacy were way off from the numbers I cited.
> > In addition the numbers I cited were for both adult and child literacy,
> > negating your first response defending your numbers.
> >
> > The wiki page cites it’s references for its literacy rates: Economic
> > Survey 2004-05
, Economic Division, Ministry of Finance, Government of
> > India, quoting UNDP Human Development Report 2004. When doubting (that word
> > again) somebody else’s referenced data, it is more or less required as a
> > matter of good form to provide an alternative published source rather than
> > just claim that ‘you have friends in the business’. If you have better
> > information please post it.
> >
> >
> > On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 11:12 AM, Prokash Sinha
> > wrote:
> >
> > > I would not contribute to this thread any more ( sorry for one
> > > mistake here )…
> > >
> > > I meant to say that I’m very doubtful about the statistics you saw on
> > > the web. The current figures could be true, but I would be very careful
> > > before I take it on face value… What was the statistical procedure, how it
> > > was sampled etc., etc. I still have few friends from indian statistical
> > > institute, so it would not be hard for me to kick their rear end to find the
> > > validity ( and the detail of these …).
> > >
> > > On reflection —
> > >
> > > I’ve lately noticed that there are lots of
> > > elementary(primary)/middle(high) schools with english as the medium of
> > > instruction/communications etc. … But when I ask (again sampling) them to
> > > speak, read, or write something I see the difficulties they face… I
> > > understand that speaking could be little difficult for them since the env.
> > > around them is not necessarily English. But reading and writing should be
> > > far better ( specially when they start from the begining of their schooling
> > > )…
> > >
> > > Conclusion???
> > >
> > > Everyone needs to make a living !
> > >
> > > -pro
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > From: Prokash Sinha
> > > To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
> > > Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 7:37 AM
> > > Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
> > >
> > > I knew this is gong to come back… :slight_smile:
> > >
> > > First, I’m looking at 25 years back ( these are the people now
> > > hitting the Keyboard hard when they are on KD :-).
> > >
> > > I took the current estimated population ( I should have taken the
> > > population of 80’s).
> > >
> > > Finally I need to be careful about the way the statistics are produced
> > > here. I’m simply tired of debugging anything :slight_smile:
> > >
> > > And if you look at web for the ‘doubt’ and ‘question’, you will find
> > > that people in the high tech uses this a lot. There is a guide for
> > > outsourcing ( whatever ) that spells out a paragraph…
> > >
> > > But the main point is — “It is simply wrong to interchange those
> > > words…” And I am sure I would be in a very very long and boring
> > > discussion with any native english speaker from India who vouches the
> > > validity of this interchange …"
> > >
> > >
> > > -pro
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > From: Mark Roddy
> > > To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
> > > Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 5:08 AM
> > > Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
> > >
> > >
> > > Literacy rates in India: Adults 61.3% Children 73,3%
> > > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_in_India
> > >
> > > The googler is your friend.
> > >
> > > On Sun, Mar 9, 2008 at 8:45 PM, Prokash Sinha
> > > wrote:
> > >
> > > > Jake,
> > > >
> > > > You really got me lost here! You probably have reason to belive that
> > > > way,
> > > > and perhaps you studied more on this sphare than what I know and
> > > > what I’ve
> > > > seen so far …
> > > >
> > > > I would go something along this line though …
> > > >
> > > > First what is the literacy rate in India ( and if we want to have a
> > > > statewide breakdown then for each state ). Here I mean to say those
> > > > who can
> > > > read ( and perhaps write ) in their own language(s), and this is not
> > > > english…
> > > >
> > > > Then I would go about ‘out of all those literate people’ how many
> > > > have
> > > > english as first language ( what I mean by this that how many of
> > > > them
> > > > regulary speak/read/write in english as their main means of
> > > > communication ).
> > > > And finally I would go about ‘how many of those native english
> > > > speaker(s) go
> > > > on to technical areas as engineering and science’…
> > > >
> > > > If you factor all of these, you would be surprised how little would
> > > > be the
> > > > percentage figure …
> > > >
> > > > I would be surprised if the overall literacy rate is more than 10 %.
> > > > So in a
> > > > roughly 1,200,000,000 population we get about 120,000,000. Out of
> > > > these, not
> > > > even 1% have their ( great grand parents, grand parents, parents are
> > > > native
> > > > english speaker :-), so I would knock off another two digits, that
> > > > gets us
> > > > to 1,200,000. Most of these people are from Missionary or other
> > > > schools
> > > > where medium of instruction/communications etc. are indeed in
> > > > english…
> > > >
> > > > How many of those go for computer science? Very small percentage,
> > > > since
> > > > these people are very high in demand to go for Business schools,
> > > > public
> > > > relations ( administrative / foreign / and other services ), media
> > > > and
> > > > entertainment related jobs where compensation and perhaps the life
> > > > style
> > > > believed to be better …
> > > >
> > > > So I would be surprised, if someone from those background ( who
> > > > could say
> > > > that english is their first language ) and the dialects permits to
> > > > interchange ‘doubt’ with ‘question’…
> > > >
> > > > -pro
> > > >
> > > > And finally guess how many are in Windows driver/kernel
> > > > programming???
> > > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > > From: “Jake Oshins”
> > > > Newsgroups: ntdev
> > > > To: “Windows System Software Devs Interest List” <
> > > > xxxxx@lists.osr.com>
> > > > Sent: Sunday, March 09, 2008 5:00 PM
> > > > Subject: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > >>> No native speaker of U.S. English would express a question with
> > > > the word
> > > > >>> ‘doubt’
> > > > >>> being used to replace the question sentence format.
> > > > >>
> > > > >
> > > > > I disagree with this on the grounds that it assumes that Indians
> > > > are never
> > > > > native English speakers. There are a whole lot of Indians who
> > > > are, and an
> > > > > entire dialect has arisen that is native to India. It’s no less a
> > > > native
> > > > > dialect than the various American English dialects are, and it may
> > > > have as
> > > > > many native speakers as those American dialects do (given that
> > > > there are
> > > > > more than a billion* Indians.) In that dialect, spoken between
> > > > native
> > > > > speakers, “question” and “doubt” are often synonyms.
> > > > >
> > > > > - Jake
> > > > >
> > > > > * Note that I’m using “billion” in the sense that my American
> > > > English
> > > > > dialect deems correct. The proper usage in England would be (to
> > > > my
> > > > > understanding) “a thousand million.” In England, a “billion” is
> > > > what we
> > > > > in America would think of a “million million.”
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > —
> > > > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > > > >
> > > > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > > > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > > > >
> > > > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > —
> > > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > > >
> > > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > > >
> > > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > –
> > > Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM,
> > > debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To
> > > unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > >
> > >
> > > —
> > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > >
> > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > >
> > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > >
> > >
> > > —
> > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > >
> > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > >
> > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> > –
> > Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM,
> > debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To
> > unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> >
>
> — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and
> other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To unsubscribe, visit
> the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>


Mark Roddy

Yeah, you are right… I dug that hole :frowning:

On a rehash, I would not go beyond 50% ( It is better to be wrong for
inquring mind than take a face value at this point )… Even then the native
English speaker’s population would not bump up much. India has quite a
number of languages that are derivatives of Sanskrit, and the
culture/literature/etc. are already extreemly rich on those areas, so for
most of the people there is no incentive(s) to embrace english as their
first language …

-pro

On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 12:27 PM, Mark Roddy wrote:

> You seem unaware that your initial guesstimates for literacy rates would
> have embarrassed the lower end of third world countries. Would you like
> another shovel, or are you satisfied with the rate you are digging this hole
> you are in?
>
>
>
> On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 3:13 PM, Prokash Sinha
> wrote:
>
> > I wish you were right … ( And even if you get to say 50% for an
> > estimate, then you will see that percentage of native English speaker would
> > go down … It is simply a bi(tri)-lingual country ).
> >
> > Of course, I will try to get some solid informations on it …
> >
> > But here are some doubts again …
> >
> > 1) There is no uniform identification ( just like social security number
> > ) thru out India. Some states might have implemented very recently, but
> > 2004-5 seems to be bit early for most of the states. I still think most
> > states don’t have it, so how do I avoid under/over count?
> >
> > 2) In some state Ration Cards ( it is an identification for getting
> > essential foods etc., at a subsidized rate), and some people don’t have it,
> > and some other have more than one…
> >
> > 3) Not all the population survey are based on Computers, and surveyer
> > often don’t show up to remote places ( I had the joy of talking to those
> > people in fairly remote villages ). But what I heard is that these days, any
> > one born in a hospital are recorded.
> >
> > 4) Migratory population from neighboring countries even make the whole
> > plan out the window…
> >
> > 5) Lot of schools in village don’t have the necessary docs to count who
> > came to school and who did not. And often there is an incentive to parents
> > whose kids go to school ( and what I heard, it is also being exploited in
> > some places …)
> >
> > Perhaps things are changing very rapidly in some states, but overall it
> > is still bit slow to adapt…
> >
> > -pro
> >
> >
> >
> > On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 9:37 AM, Mark Roddy
> > wrote:
> >
> > > I only brought it up because your initial claim of literacy rates
> > > seemed so drasticaly low given my perception of Indian society history and
> > > civilization. So I googled it and it was clear that you were just engaged in
> > > PFA statistics.
> > >
> > > Your estimates of adult literacy were way off from the numbers I
> > > cited. In addition the numbers I cited were for both adult and child
> > > literacy, negating your first response defending your numbers.
> > >
> > > The wiki page cites it’s references for its literacy rates: Economic
> > > Survey 2004-05
, Economic Division, Ministry of Finance, Government of
> > > India, quoting UNDP Human Development Report 2004. When doubting (that word
> > > again) somebody else’s referenced data, it is more or less required as a
> > > matter of good form to provide an alternative published source rather than
> > > just claim that ‘you have friends in the business’. If you have better
> > > information please post it.
> > >
> > >
> > > On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 11:12 AM, Prokash Sinha
> > > wrote:
> > >
> > > > I would not contribute to this thread any more ( sorry for one
> > > > mistake here )…
> > > >
> > > > I meant to say that I’m very doubtful about the statistics you saw
> > > > on the web. The current figures could be true, but I would be very careful
> > > > before I take it on face value… What was the statistical procedure, how it
> > > > was sampled etc., etc. I still have few friends from indian statistical
> > > > institute, so it would not be hard for me to kick their rear end to find the
> > > > validity ( and the detail of these …).
> > > >
> > > > On reflection —
> > > >
> > > > I’ve lately noticed that there are lots of
> > > > elementary(primary)/middle(high) schools with english as the medium of
> > > > instruction/communications etc. … But when I ask (again sampling) them to
> > > > speak, read, or write something I see the difficulties they face… I
> > > > understand that speaking could be little difficult for them since the env.
> > > > around them is not necessarily English. But reading and writing should be
> > > > far better ( specially when they start from the begining of their schooling
> > > > )…
> > > >
> > > > Conclusion???
> > > >
> > > > Everyone needs to make a living !
> > > >
> > > > -pro
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > > From: Prokash Sinha
> > > > To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
> > > > Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 7:37 AM
> > > > Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
> > > >
> > > > I knew this is gong to come back… :slight_smile:
> > > >
> > > > First, I’m looking at 25 years back ( these are the people now
> > > > hitting the Keyboard hard when they are on KD :-).
> > > >
> > > > I took the current estimated population ( I should have taken the
> > > > population of 80’s).
> > > >
> > > > Finally I need to be careful about the way the statistics are
> > > > produced here. I’m simply tired of debugging anything :slight_smile:
> > > >
> > > > And if you look at web for the ‘doubt’ and ‘question’, you will find
> > > > that people in the high tech uses this a lot. There is a guide for
> > > > outsourcing ( whatever ) that spells out a paragraph…
> > > >
> > > > But the main point is — “It is simply wrong to interchange those
> > > > words…” And I am sure I would be in a very very long and boring
> > > > discussion with any native english speaker from India who vouches the
> > > > validity of this interchange …"
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > -pro
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > > From: Mark Roddy
> > > > To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
> > > > Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 5:08 AM
> > > > Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > Literacy rates in India: Adults 61.3% Children 73,3%
> > > > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_in_India
> > > >
> > > > The googler is your friend.
> > > >
> > > > On Sun, Mar 9, 2008 at 8:45 PM, Prokash Sinha
> > > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > > Jake,
> > > > >
> > > > > You really got me lost here! You probably have reason to belive
> > > > > that way,
> > > > > and perhaps you studied more on this sphare than what I know and
> > > > > what I’ve
> > > > > seen so far …
> > > > >
> > > > > I would go something along this line though …
> > > > >
> > > > > First what is the literacy rate in India ( and if we want to have
> > > > > a
> > > > > statewide breakdown then for each state ). Here I mean to say
> > > > > those who can
> > > > > read ( and perhaps write ) in their own language(s), and this is
> > > > > not
> > > > > english…
> > > > >
> > > > > Then I would go about ‘out of all those literate people’ how many
> > > > > have
> > > > > english as first language ( what I mean by this that how many of
> > > > > them
> > > > > regulary speak/read/write in english as their main means of
> > > > > communication ).
> > > > > And finally I would go about ‘how many of those native english
> > > > > speaker(s) go
> > > > > on to technical areas as engineering and science’…
> > > > >
> > > > > If you factor all of these, you would be surprised how little
> > > > > would be the
> > > > > percentage figure …
> > > > >
> > > > > I would be surprised if the overall literacy rate is more than 10
> > > > > %. So in a
> > > > > roughly 1,200,000,000 population we get about 120,000,000. Out of
> > > > > these, not
> > > > > even 1% have their ( great grand parents, grand parents, parents
> > > > > are native
> > > > > english speaker :-), so I would knock off another two digits, that
> > > > > gets us
> > > > > to 1,200,000. Most of these people are from Missionary or other
> > > > > schools
> > > > > where medium of instruction/communications etc. are indeed in
> > > > > english…
> > > > >
> > > > > How many of those go for computer science? Very small percentage,
> > > > > since
> > > > > these people are very high in demand to go for Business schools,
> > > > > public
> > > > > relations ( administrative / foreign / and other services ), media
> > > > > and
> > > > > entertainment related jobs where compensation and perhaps the life
> > > > > style
> > > > > believed to be better …
> > > > >
> > > > > So I would be surprised, if someone from those background ( who
> > > > > could say
> > > > > that english is their first language ) and the dialects permits to
> > > > > interchange ‘doubt’ with ‘question’…
> > > > >
> > > > > -pro
> > > > >
> > > > > And finally guess how many are in Windows driver/kernel
> > > > > programming???
> > > > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > > > From: “Jake Oshins”
> > > > > Newsgroups: ntdev
> > > > > To: “Windows System Software Devs Interest List” <
> > > > > xxxxx@lists.osr.com>
> > > > > Sent: Sunday, March 09, 2008 5:00 PM
> > > > > Subject: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > >>> No native speaker of U.S. English would express a question
> > > > > with the word
> > > > > >>> ‘doubt’
> > > > > >>> being used to replace the question sentence format.
> > > > > >>
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I disagree with this on the grounds that it assumes that Indians
> > > > > are never
> > > > > > native English speakers. There are a whole lot of Indians who
> > > > > are, and an
> > > > > > entire dialect has arisen that is native to India. It’s no less
> > > > > a native
> > > > > > dialect than the various American English dialects are, and it
> > > > > may have as
> > > > > > many native speakers as those American dialects do (given that
> > > > > there are
> > > > > > more than a billion* Indians.) In that dialect, spoken between
> > > > > native
> > > > > > speakers, “question” and “doubt” are often synonyms.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > - Jake
> > > > > >
> > > > > > * Note that I’m using “billion” in the sense that my American
> > > > > English
> > > > > > dialect deems correct. The proper usage in England would be (to
> > > > > my
> > > > > > understanding) “a thousand million.” In England, a “billion” is
> > > > > what we
> > > > > > in America would think of a “million million.”
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > —
> > > > > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > > > > >
> > > > > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars
> > > > > visit:
> > > > > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > > > > >
> > > > > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > > > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > —
> > > > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > > > >
> > > > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > > > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > > > >
> > > > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > –
> > > > Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF,
> > > > WDM, debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminarsTo unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > —
> > > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > > >
> > > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > > >
> > > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > —
> > > > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> > > >
> > > > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> > > > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> > > >
> > > > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > –
> > > Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM,
> > > debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To
> > > unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> > >
> >
> > — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging
> > and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To unsubscribe,
> > visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> > http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
> >
>
>
>
> –
> Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM,
> debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To
> unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>

I’d like to unsubscribe from this thread.

Prokash Sinha wrote:

Yeah, you are right… I dug that hole :frowning:

On a rehash, I would not go beyond 50% ( It is better to be wrong for
inquring mind than take a face value at this point )… Even then the
native English speaker’s population would not bump up much. India has
quite a number of languages that are derivatives of Sanskrit, and the
culture/literature/etc. are already extreemly rich on those areas, so
for most of the people there is no incentive(s) to embrace english as
their first language …

-pro

On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 12:27 PM, Mark Roddy > mailto:xxxxx> wrote:
>
> You seem unaware that your initial guesstimates for literacy rates
> would have embarrassed the lower end of third world countries. Would
> you like another shovel, or are you satisfied with the rate you are
> digging this hole you are in?
>
>
>
> On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 3:13 PM, Prokash Sinha > mailto:xxxxx> wrote:
>
> I wish you were right … ( And even if you get to say 50% for
> an estimate, then you will see that percentage of native English
> speaker would go down … It is simply a bi(tri)-lingual country ).
>
> Of course, I will try to get some solid informations on it …
>
> But here are some doubts again …
>
> 1) There is no uniform identification ( just like social
> security number ) thru out India. Some states might have
> implemented very recently, but 2004-5 seems to be bit early for
> most of the states. I still think most states don’t have it, so
> how do I avoid under/over count?
>
> 2) In some state Ration Cards ( it is an identification for
> getting essential foods etc., at a subsidized rate), and some
> people don’t have it, and some other have more than one…
>
> 3) Not all the population survey are based on Computers, and
> surveyer often don’t show up to remote places ( I had the joy of
> talking to those people in fairly remote villages ). But what I
> heard is that these days, any one born in a hospital are recorded.
>
> 4) Migratory population from neighboring countries even make the
> whole plan out the window…
>
> 5) Lot of schools in village don’t have the necessary docs to
> count who came to school and who did not. And often there is an
> incentive to parents whose kids go to school ( and what I heard,
> it is also being exploited in some places …)
>
> Perhaps things are changing very rapidly in some states, but
> overall it is still bit slow to adapt…
>
> -pro
>
>
>
> On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 9:37 AM, Mark Roddy
> > wrote:
>
> I only brought it up because your initial claim of literacy
> rates seemed so drasticaly low given my perception of Indian
> society history and civilization. So I googled it and it was
> clear that you were just engaged in PFA statistics.
>
> Your estimates of adult literacy were way off from the
> numbers I cited. In addition the numbers I cited were for
> both adult and child literacy, negating your first response
> defending your numbers.
>
> The wiki page cites it’s references for its literacy rates:
> /Economic Survey 2004-05/, Economic Division, Ministry of
> Finance, Government of India, quoting UNDP Human Development
> Report 2004. When doubting (that word again) somebody
> else’s referenced data, it is more or less required as a
> matter of good form to provide an alternative published
> source rather than just claim that ‘you have friends in the
> business’. If you have better information please post it.
>
>
> On Mon, Mar 10, 2008 at 11:12 AM, Prokash Sinha
> > wrote:
>
> I would not contribute to this thread any more ( sorry
> for one mistake here )…
>
> I meant to say that I’m very doubtful about the
> statistics you saw on the web. The current figures could
> be true, but I would be very careful before I take it on
> face value… What was the statistical procedure, how it
> was sampled etc., etc. I still have few friends from
> indian statistical institute, so it would not be hard
> for me to kick their rear end to find the validity ( and
> the detail of these …).
>
> On reflection —
>
> I’ve lately noticed that there are lots of
> elementary(primary)/middle(high) schools with english as
> the medium of instruction/communications etc. … But
> when I ask (again sampling) them to speak, read, or
> write something I see the difficulties they face… I
> understand that speaking could be little difficult for
> them since the env. around them is not necessarily
> English. But reading and writing should be far better (
> specially when they start from the begining of their
> schooling )…
>
> Conclusion???
>
> Everyone needs to make a living !
>
> -pro
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Prokash Sinha mailto:xxxxx
> To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
> mailto:xxxxx
> Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 7:37 AM
> Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
>
> I knew this is gong to come back… :slight_smile:
>
> First, I’m looking at 25 years back ( these are the
> people now hitting the Keyboard hard when they are
> on KD :-).
>
> I took the current estimated population ( I should
> have taken the population of 80’s).
>
> Finally I need to be careful about the way the
> statistics are produced here. I’m simply tired of
> debugging anything :slight_smile:
>
> And if you look at web for the ‘doubt’ and
> ‘question’, you will find that people in the high
> tech uses this a lot. There is a guide for
> outsourcing ( whatever ) that spells out a paragraph…
>
> But the main point is — “It is simply wrong to
> interchange those words…” And I am sure I would
> be in a very very long and boring discussion with
> any native english speaker from India who vouches
> the validity of this interchange …"
>
>
> -pro
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Mark Roddy mailto:xxxxx
> To: Windows System Software Devs Interest List
> mailto:xxxxx
> Sent: Monday, March 10, 2008 5:08 AM
> Subject: Re: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
>
>
>
> Literacy rates in India: Adults 61.3% Children 73,3%
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_in_India
>
> The googler is your friend.
>
> On Sun, Mar 9, 2008 at 8:45 PM, Prokash Sinha
> >
> wrote:
>
> Jake,
>
> You really got me lost here! You probably
> have reason to belive that way,
> and perhaps you studied more on this sphare
> than what I know and what I’ve
> seen so far …
>
> I would go something along this line though …
>
> First what is the literacy rate in India (
> and if we want to have a
> statewide breakdown then for each state ).
> Here I mean to say those who can
> read ( and perhaps write ) in their own
> language(s), and this is not
> english…
>
> Then I would go about ‘out of all those
> literate people’ how many have
> english as first language ( what I mean by
> this that how many of them
> regulary speak/read/write in english as
> their main means of communication ).
> And finally I would go about ‘how many of
> those native english speaker(s) go
> on to technical areas as engineering and
> science’…
>
> If you factor all of these, you would be
> surprised how little would be the
> percentage figure …
>
> I would be surprised if the overall literacy
> rate is more than 10 %. So in a
> roughly 1,200,000,000 population we get
> about 120,000,000. Out of these, not
> even 1% have their ( great grand parents,
> grand parents, parents are native
> english speaker :-), so I would knock off
> another two digits, that gets us
> to 1,200,000. Most of these people are from
> Missionary or other schools
> where medium of instruction/communications
> etc. are indeed in english…
>
> How many of those go for computer science?
> Very small percentage, since
> these people are very high in demand to go
> for Business schools, public
> relations ( administrative / foreign / and
> other services ), media and
> entertainment related jobs where
> compensation and perhaps the life style
> believed to be better …
>
> So I would be surprised, if someone from
> those background ( who could say
> that english is their first language ) and
> the dialects permits to
> interchange ‘doubt’ with ‘question’…
>
> -pro
>
> And finally guess how many are in Windows
> driver/kernel programming???
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: “Jake Oshins”
> > mailto:xxxxx>
> Newsgroups: ntdev
> To: “Windows System Software Devs Interest
> List” > mailto:xxxxx>
> Sent: Sunday, March 09, 2008 5:00 PM
> Subject: Re:[ntdev] questions regarding MDL
>
>
> >>> No native speaker of U.S. English would
> express a question with the word
> >>> ‘doubt’
> >>> being used to replace the question
> sentence format.
> >>
> >
> > I disagree with this on the grounds that
> it assumes that Indians are never
> > native English speakers. There are a
> whole lot of Indians who are, and an
> > entire dialect has arisen that is native
> to India. It’s no less a native
> > dialect than the various American English
> dialects are, and it may have as
> > many native speakers as those American
> dialects do (given that there are
> > more than a billion* Indians.) In that
> dialect, spoken between native
> > speakers, “question” and “doubt” are
> often synonyms.
> >
> > - Jake
> >
> > * Note that I’m using “billion” in the
> sense that my American English
> > dialect deems correct. The proper usage
> in England would be (to my
> > understanding) “a thousand million.” In
> England, a “billion” is what we
> > in America would think of a “million
> million.”
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > —
> > NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
> >
> > For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging
> and other seminars visit:
> > http://www.osr.com/seminars
> >
> > To unsubscribe, visit the List Server
> section of OSR Online at
> >
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
>
> —
> NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
>
> For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and
> other seminars visit:
> http://www.osr.com/seminars
>
> To unsubscribe, visit the List Server
> section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
>
>
>
> –
> Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our
> schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other
> seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars To
> unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of
> OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
>
> —
> NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
>
> For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other
> seminars visit:
> http://www.osr.com/seminars
>
> To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR
> Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
>
> —
> NTDEV is sponsored by OSR
>
> For our schedule of WDF, WDM, debugging and other
> seminars visit:
> http://www.osr.com/seminars
>
> To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR
> Online at http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
>
>
>
> –
> Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of
> WDF, WDM, debugging and other seminars visit:
> http://www.osr.com/seminars To unsubscribe, visit the List
> Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
>
> — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF, WDM,
> debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars
> To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
>
>
>
> –
> Mark Roddy — NTDEV is sponsored by OSR For our schedule of WDF,
> WDM, debugging and other seminars visit: http://www.osr.com/seminars
> To unsubscribe, visit the List Server section of OSR Online at
> http://www.osronline.com/page.cfm?name=ListServer
>
></mailto:xxxxx></mailto:xxxxx></mailto:xxxxx></mailto:xxxxx></mailto:xxxxx></mailto:xxxxx></mailto:xxxxx></mailto:xxxxx>

Kenny Speer wrote:

I’d like to unsubscribe from this thread.

In most newsreaders you have something like “ignore thread”.
This is the reason I didn’t subscribe to the mailing list (email/SMTP)
but read it as newsgrougp (NNTP). Very convenient. And thread-sorted.

xxxxx@hotmail.com wrote:

In order to realize that you are wrong, all you have to do is to open any English newspaper, so that you will see a term “billion” referring to population, money and everything else that is known to exist in quantities well below “million million” …

Well actually … The correct english english usage of a “billion X” is
one “one Tera X”. However, people living in some of her Majesty’s
colonial territories in the new world (more recently known as the United
States of America) have started using “one billion X” to mean “one Giga
X”. Unfortunately, this particularly adulterated dialect of the Queen’s
English is now in wide use on this side of the atlantic as well…

MH.

I have to mention that the concept “correct english usage” is meaningless.
English is a strong language bacause there is no “academy” setting any
rules. It changes and keeps alive. Dictionaries try to keep up. The aim is
to communicate. If I want to tell someone it cost 10^12 pounds, I will not
say a billion. (Not sure what I would say, now that billion means 10^9),
probably a “million million”. That’s the downside of this flux. Precision
disappears. If someone says “trillion” to me I, like most people, won’t know
what you mean, so no one with any sense uses it. No harm in keeping old ways
alive as long as they don’t confuse though. Am I the only person who spells
“fount” like this? After all, it used to come from a foundry, not a church!
M :slight_smile:

>>>In order to realize that you are wrong, all you have to do is to open
>>>any English newspaper, so that you will see a term “billion” referring
>>>to population, money and everything else that is known to exist in
>>>quantities well below “million million” …

Well actually … The correct english english usage of a “billion X” is
one “one Tera X”. However, people living in some of her Majesty’s
colonial territories in the new world (more recently known as the United
States of America) have started using “one billion X” to mean “one Giga
X”. Unfortunately, this particularly adulterated dialect of the Queen’s
English is now in wide use on this side of the atlantic as well…

MH.

> The correct english english usage of a “billion X” is one “one Tera X”. However, people living

in some of her Majesty’s colonial territories in the new world (more recently known as the
United States of America) have started using “one billion X” to mean “one Giga X”.
Unfortunately, this particularly adulterated dialect of the Queen’s English is now in wide use
on this side of the atlantic as well…

I would suggest you to write a letter to editor of “Daily Telegraph”…

Anton Bassov

> rules. It changes and keeps alive. Dictionaries try to keep up. The aim is

to communicate. If I want to tell someone it cost 10^12 pounds, I will not
say a billion.

In Russian, 1e12 (tera) is “trillion”, and 1e9 (giga) is “milliard”. 1e6 (mega)
is “million”.

My English is not perfect, but I never ever saw “billion” to denote 1e12 in
English, only 1e9.


Maxim Shatskih, Windows DDK MVP
StorageCraft Corporation
xxxxx@storagecraft.com
http://www.storagecraft.com

> t I never ever saw “billion” to denote 1e12 in English, only 1e9.

Well, in fact, it would be pretty logical. Look -“million” comes from French “mille” (which is thousand), so that it is “thousand thousand”. “Bi” stands for two, so that billion should be “thousand thousand squared” , rather than “thousand thousand multiplied by thousand”…

Anton Bassov

Mike Kemp wrote:

I have to mention that the concept “correct english usage” is
meaningless. English is a strong language bacause there is no
“academy” setting any rules. It changes and keeps alive. Dictionaries
try to keep up. The aim is to communicate. If I want to tell someone
it cost 10^12 pounds, I will not say a billion. (Not sure what I would
say, now that billion means 10^9), probably a “million million”.
That’s the downside of this flux. Precision disappears. If someone
says “trillion” to me I, like most people, won’t know what you mean,
so no one with any sense uses it.

I agree 100% with your last sentence, and offer as evidence the fact
that the United States Congress uses it all the time. As in “three
trillion dollar budget” and “nine trillion dollar national debt.”
Utterly senseless.

And I wish I could add a smiley to this…


Tim Roberts, xxxxx@probo.com
Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.